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Braz. J. Psychiatry (São Paulo, 1999, Impr.) ; 33(4): 353-361, Dec. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-609102

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: About two-thirds of patients with bipolar disorder (BD) have a lifetime history of at least one psychotic symptom. Objective: To compare the neurocognitive performance of four groups: BD patients with and without a history of psychotic symptoms (BD HPS+ and BD HPS-, respectively); patients with schizophrenia (SZ); and healthy control (HC) subjects. METHOD: In this cross-sectional study, 35 stabilized patients with SZ, 79 euthymic (44 HPS+ and 35 HPS-) patients with BD, and 50 HC were administered a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests. RESULTS: There was worse neurocognitive functioning in both BD and SZ patients compared to HC. Overall, data from both groups of BD patients did not differ on sociodemographic, clinical, or neurocognitive variables. However, BD HPS+ patients had significantly more negative symptoms, as measured by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), and showed a trend toward worse performance on executive functions compared to BD HPS- patients. Moreover, both BD groups had better performance on all neurocognitive tests compared to SZ group. CONCLUSIONS: Neurocognitive dysfunction may be more marked in SZ than in BD, yet qualitatively similar. A history of past psychotic symptoms in BD was not associated with more severe cognitive impairment during euthymia. Therefore, BD with psychotic symptoms does not appear to be a distinct neurocognitive phenotype.


INTRODUÇÃO: Cerca de dois terços dos pacientes com Transtorno Bipolar (TB) apresentam sintomas psicóticos ao longo da vida. OBJETIVO: Comparar o desempenho neurocognitivo de quatro grupos: pacientes com TB, com e sem histórico de sintomas psicóticos (HPS+ ou HPS-, respectivamente); pacientes esquizofrénicos; e grupo controle (GC) com indivíduos saudáveis. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal no qual 35 pacientes com esquizofrenia (EZ), 79 pacientes com TB na fase eutímica (44 HPS+ e 35 HPS-) e 50 GC foram submetidos a extensa avaliação neuropsicológica. RESULTADOS: Observou-se pior funcionamento neurocognitivo em pacientes com TB e com EZ quando comparados ao GC. Os dois grupos de pacientes TB não diferiram em dados demográficos, clínicos ou variáveis neurocognitivas. Entretanto o grupo HPS+ teve mais sintomas negativos mensurados pela Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) e apresentou uma tendência a pior performance nas funções executivas comparativamente aos pacientes HPS-. Além disso ambos os grupos de pacientes TB tiveram melhor desempenho em todos testes neurocognitivos quando comparados aos pacientes com EZ. CONCLUSÕES: A disfunção neurocognitiva é mais marcada nos pacientes com EZ do que com TB, apesar de ser qualitativamente similar. Um histórico de sintomas psicóticos no TB não associou esta amostra de pacientes eutímicos a um maior prejuízo neurocognitivo. Assim sendo, o TB com sintomas psicóticos parece não possuir um fenótipo neurocognitivo diferenciado.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Bipolar Disorder/psychology , Cognition Disorders/etiology , Psychotic Disorders/psychology , Schizophrenia/complications , Case-Control Studies , Cognition Disorders/psychology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Neuropsychological Tests , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
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